Understanding Nourishes Belonging Free Essays

Understanding sustains having a place. An absence of comprehension forestalls it. Having a place is certainly not a performance demonstration. We will compose a custom exposition test on Understanding Nourishes Belonging or then again any comparative point just for you Request Now For having a place with exist there must be some assistance on the sides of two separate gatherings. Having a place relies on how these gatherings make a comprehension of one another. Huge numbers of Emily Dickinson’s sonnets mirrored the trouble which she encountered after endeavoring to manufacture an association with her general public. Her personas in â€Å"My Letter to the World† and â€Å"I had been ravenous all the years† both at first battle with having a place with their general public, and resolve these issues through setting up a feeling of comprehension; the previous with her friends and the last with herself. So also, the nominal character in Shaun Tan’s acclaimed picture book, â€Å"The Lost Thing† winds up estranged in a world that is pretentious of things it can't comprehend. This absence of understanding stems from the society’s powerlessness to accommodate with that which is extraordinary, and the â€Å"Lost Thing† eventually should travel to a haven where it is comprehended and acknowledged. The writers of every content underscore their thoughts utilizing incredible symbolism, with images and allegories normal highlights of each of the three. Understanding encourages the advancement of having a place, and this can't happen except if people make a special effort to manufacture associations with the bigger world. The persona in Dickinson’s â€Å"My Letter to the World† endeavors to do this for a huge scope, tending to her â€Å"letter† †a metonymy for her whole assortment of work †to a world that is contemptuous of her. The persona clarifies that she is keeping in touch with a general public that â€Å"never wrote to me†, which proposes sentiments of seclusion. These sentiments are turned around upon the foundation of an association with the persona’s comrades dependent on the persona’s love of nature, which is represented and portrayed here with a lofty and glorious excellence. It is because of this affection that she permits herself to solicit them to â€Å"judge sympathetic from her†. The persona’s worship of Nature is communicated obviously through the fervent portrayal of â€Å"Her† in the fourth line. The juxtaposition of the words, â€Å"tender† and â€Å"majesty† is striking, and puts forth for perusers a feeling of both nature’s delicate magnificence and its ground-breaking rule all through the world. Nature is a shared trait between the persona and the general public from which she feels estranged; subsequently, by writing this letter and connecting, the persona finds a method of having a place in her general public encouraged by an understanding dependent on their common regard for nature. In another of Dickinson’s sonnets, she tends to the likelihood that by seeking after a comprehension of having a place, an individual can come to encounter that feeling inside their own self. The persona of â€Å"I had been hungry† communicates an appetite that has spread over years, a craving representing the natural human requirement for having a place. Dickinson utilizes symbolism related with food and eating all through the sonnet, with regards to this all-inclusive allegory. The persona is allowed the chance to â€Å"sample the plenty†. The persona’s reluctance and anxiety in doing so are apparent, as she â€Å"trembling drew the table near†. The persona is dumbfounded by the â€Å"curious wine† and comes to find that this specific sort of having a place isn’t for her. This disclosure is underlined in the analogy in the subsequent verse, â€Å"Like berry of a mountain shrubbery/Transplanted to the road†. The juxtaposition of the berry, a thing of nature, and the man-made street implies the bumping feeling the persona is encountering. At long last, the persona finds that, â€Å"the entering takes away†. By connecting with the chance of having a place, much like their partner in â€Å"My Letter to the World†, the persona on the other hand finds that it isn’t for her, and rather goes to the understanding that she was progressively agreeable in her own place. Absence of seeing, particularly of things that are unfamiliar to us, and how it goes about as a boundary to having a place is a topic investigated widely in Shaun Tan’s â€Å"The Lost Thing†. A kid finds an animal and takes it on an excursion through the industrialized combination that takes no notice of it. The â€Å"Lost Thing† is first found on a sea shore; its striking red shade and regular looking shape in a split second pass on to the peruser how strange it is in regard to its somewhat boring, rakish environmental factors. The disarray and vulnerability that the individuals who notice the â€Å"Thing† are encapsulated in the narrator’s lines â€Å"It just stayed there, watching strange. I was perplexed. † In the end, their quest for the â€Å"Lost Thing’s† place, take them to a strange spot, where a wide range of lost things have accumulated. Far away from the more extensive society’s powerlessness to understand the â€Å"Lost Thing’s† presence, here it can acclimatize into a reality where its highlights are far more averse to warrant specific notification. All through the book, a common visual theme shows up as a white, wavy bolt. It at first avoids notice †much like the â€Å"Lost Thing† in its general public †up until it gets pertinent to the story as a marker driving the two principle characters to the world that the â€Å"Lost Thing† inevitably finds a home in. Much like Dickinson’s persona’s, it is by making the endeavor to discover a position of having a place that the â€Å"Lost Thing† can explore past a general public that doesn't comprehend it into one that does. Society’s saw aloofness and its related reluctance or failure to comprehend assume an essential job in the â€Å"My Letter to the World† persona’s impression of having a place. Regardless of whether this observation is the fact of the matter isn't clarified; be that as it may, by playing on the uncertainties of the persona this recognition worsens her failure to have a place. The persona clarifies that she is distanced by the more extensive world through the line, â€Å"Her message is submitted/To hands I can't see†. As she isn't aware of the substance of this letter, she is in this way not some portion of this understanding is shared by the more extensive network. The possibility this is passed by hands that she can't see is likewise noteworthy; it gives the undertone that there is a hindrance between the persona and the remainder of the world, and until she connects this boundary and offers in the understanding, she can't have a place. Through â€Å"My Letter to the World†, Dickinson communicates the possibility that comprehension is maybe the way to having a place among people and gatherings. So also, in â€Å"The Lost Thing†, an absence of understanding offers route to the nonappearance of having a place, and a craving with respect to the more extensive society to dispose of that which the misconception starts from. The general public of Tan’s book can't associate and connect with the items they can't acknowledge into the dull environmental factors of their everyday life. The society’s misinformed endeavors to sort everything in their reality is epitomized in the â€Å"Federal Department of Odds and Ends†. Tan spoofs government proverbs by developing one for his designed administrative office, â€Å"sweepus underum carpetae†. The pseudo Latin proposes that the Department’s reason for existing is simply to â€Å"sweep things under the rug†. An objective, â€Å"Don’t Panic†, follows the inquiry â€Å"finding that the request for everyday life is out of the blue interfered? on the Department’s notice, and is characteristic of the whole society’s mentality to things that appear to be strange. The Lost Thing’s intangibility in its general public is featured by the little size with which it is portrayed against the cityscape. On one of the last pages, Tan represents a progression of outlines where it seems like the view is working out from a cable car to a perspective on a few, at that p oint of hundreds; this puts forth for perusers that it is so natural to go unnoticed notwithstanding society’s absence of care and comprehension. A seeing consequently can't be reached between the Lost Thing and its condition, inciting its quest for one where this is conceivable. A comprehension among people and gatherings is basic to a feeling of having a place. Both Dickinson’s sonnets and Tan’s picture book detail the battles to have a place that can come to pass from an absence of comprehension and furthermore delineate the upbeat reality that outcomes from recently discovered comprehension. Instructions to refer to Understanding Nourishes Belonging, Essay models

Ethics in Information System Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Morals in Information System - Research Paper Example She realizes that the music organization will charge her for utilizing a similar music in the other eatery yet she despite everything doesn't advise the music organization. Music is something which will be utilized as a fascination for the eatery. It will soothingly affect the clients of eateries. Yet at the same time Alison isn't prepared to pay for the music. This is very off-base since she is gaining benefits from the music. Moral issues like these are extremely normal in the domain of Information Systems. Innovation has made our lives simpler yet we don't comprehend that this innovation isn't to support ‘us’ just however it is for everybody (Warren, M. 2006). The innovation isn't for us to abuse. Taking somebody else’s directly for the sake of innovation isn't legitimized. Mindfulness is what is deficient for this situation. Alison believes that it's anything but a serious deal to duplicate the music starting with one eatery then onto the next. At the point when confronted with a moral quandary legitimate mindfulness is required. Moral choice includes disregarding once intrigue and making the best choice. Everybody can't simply consider oneself. We need to think with the point of view of everybody engaged with the difficulty and at exactly that point a right choice can be taken. For this situation Alison should contact the organization from which she has bought the music and ask their authorization before utilizing it in the subsequent café. Simply after the consent of the organization she can utilize the music in any case not. One can comprehend her longing for cost cutting so she can demand a rebate from the organization however she can't simply utilize it without their assent. Partner hypothesis says that moral issues ought to be settled by remembering the enthusiasm of all partners without damaging anyone’s right (Smith and Hasnas, 1999). This hypothesis can control Alison for this situation. She can settle on a choice remembering the enthusiasm of all partners engaged with the choice, to be specific herself and the music organization. As

Dimensions of Physical and Mental Health

Question: Talk about theDimensions of Physical and Mental Health. Answer: Presentation Uneasiness is bodys approach to react to risk, it is an alert that goes off naturally when we feel compromised or are feeling the squeeze. Typically individuals have nervousness with some restraint, which is anything but an awful thing as it causes us to remain engaged and alert yet on the off chance that uneasiness begins meddling with day by day life, at that point the individual might be experiencing tension issue (Andreasen, Black, 2006). Melancholy and nervousness are the two most regular medical problems in our general public. As we can gain from the contextual analysis about Georgia who is a multi year old college understudy, she is feeling focused on nowadays. She can't amass in her examinations and gets alarm assaults before her appraisals. She lives all alone in a little level and experiences difficulty dozing. She has quit going out with her companions and invests her energy stressing and being on edge. Feeling restless and discouraged now and again are ordinary responses to stressors throughout everyday life. Be that as it may, encountering these emotions all the time like Georgia is pointing towards a tension issue and discouragement (Bandelow Michaelis, 2015). It isn't unexpected to feel on edge when you are confronting an issue at work, while taking a significant choice, and keeping in mind that showing up for tests. In any case, for an individual who experiences tension issue, this uneasiness doesn't leave with the stressor that has caused it. Nervousness issue are sentiments of dread and tension. It is the stress and dread over present and future occasions that meddles with the ordinary living of the individual experiencing it. These sentiments likewise cause truly noticeable manifestations, for example, quicker pulse, insecurity and brevity of breath. Georgia is encountering these side effects. Her uneasiness has begun meddling with her day by day life and with her public activity. Another significant snippet of data that we get from the conte xtual analysis is that her mom experiences uneasiness also and Georgia fears she would wind up like her mom as on edge and confounded. In this paper we would find out about uneasiness issue and how to manage them. Self systems and compelling medicines help to comprehend and treat these clutters empowering individuals influenced by them, to have a typical existence.( Lenze , Wetherell, 2011) A psychological issue is a critical mental or standard of conduct or condition that is related with handicap or pain in a person. It was alluded to scatters that cause dysregulation of thought, temperament or conduct (Andreasen, Black, 2006). A few specialists have additionally clarified it as a huge clinical unsettling influence in a people enthusiastic guideline, formative procedures, conduct or comprehension. These scatters can build danger of incapacity, passing and loss of opportunity. It is significant that we can recognize a psychological issue and a typical reaction to a stressor. ( Alvaro, Roberts, Harris, Bruni, 2016) Like in circumstances of loss of a friend or family member feeling miserable and far off is certainly not a psychological issue. Same goes for clashes and socially freak conduct if there should be an occurrence of strict, sexual and political clashes except if the contentions are a consequence of being brought about by a useless individual (Hales, Yudofsky, 20 03). Present day society is a frightful, disconnected and one of a kind spot. As millions everywhere throughout the world are experiencing some sort of psychological instability. ( Lenze Wetherell, 2011) The most inescapable among these clutters are the state of mind issue that incorporate misery and uneasiness. For our situation study Georgia is experiencing nervousness issue. Nervousness issue have become the greatest emotional wellness issues on the planet. Numerous individuals visit crisis rooms believing that they are biting the dust from a coronary failure when they are encountering alarm assaults and breathing issues because of tension. They grumble of neurosis, chest torments, unexplained dread, quick heartbeat, feeling of frenzy and serious migraines. Tension issue are of three sorts. These are summed up uneasiness issue, alarm issue and social tension issue. Summed up uneasiness issue or GAD is one where the individual concerns and dread for occasions that are happening at present and may happen in future. This is the thing that Georgia is encountering. This ridiculous and unnecessary concern is brought about by no evident explanation by any means. These people envision catastrophe and become worried about these issues. ( Hales, Yudofsky, 2003). Georgia gets panicky and stressed over her tests and fears that she will bomb them. Stray is analyzed in those people that can't control their concern and have indications like inclination eager, exhausted, trouble concentrating, rest aggravation and touchiness (Alvaro, Roberts, Harris, Bruni, 2016). From the contextual analysis we can realize that Georgia is confronting every one of these side effects. She experiences issues in gathering in her investigation and becomes overpowered by th e remaining burden. She stresses and frenzies before her tests. Because of her sentiments of uneasiness and pressures she is confronting trouble in dozing. She is likewise feeling tired and can't go out on her typical strolls at night (Jackson, MacLeod ,2016). People experiencing GAD don't have a clue how to stop their concern cycle in any event, when they can feel that they are getting excessively strained. The reason for summed up nervousness issue is as yet not known yet family foundation, specific unpleasant educational encounters and organic components are to be accused. The contextual analysis additionally makes reference to that Georgias mother experiences tension issue and it has been discovered that people who have the qualities, are at 37% higher hazard than others. In this way Georgias dread that she may wind up being restless and frightful like her mom isn't invalid (Knoll, Halladay, Holmes, Levitt, 2016). Georgia experience isolated in a little level. She needs loved ones around her. An individual experiencing tension issue needs the consideration and backing of his loved ones (Mather, Blom, Bergstrm, Svedberg, 2016). It is significant that individuals around her find out about the confusion and urges her to look for treatment. They need to persuade the individual and show encouraging feedback. For the situation study we come to realize that Georgia has separated herself from everybody yet at the same time converses with her mother most days. It is significant that her mother perceives the side effects that Georgia is experiencing and urges her to invest energy with her loved ones. Georgia needs individuals around her and she needs to partake in exercises that can assist her with creating recollections that are glad and energizing. On account of Georgia her mom experiences uneasiness issue and she is encountering similar side effects. Researchers accept that uneasiness is a conduct th at is found out as when a parent is consistently on edge the youngster reflects that conduct. The connection among qualities and nervousness has been demonstrated by concentrates in the field of neurobiology and hereditary qualities. It has been demonstrated that reason for nervousness is a mix of natural and hereditary components. As around twelve family examines demonstrate that there is a 3-5 overlay expanded hazard to family members of individuals experiencing nervousness issue. While nobody can foresee or discover that who may have these disarranges, councilors and specialists concur that contemporary society plays a significant job. Presently lets focus on the natural piece of nervousness causing factors. Ecological factors, for example, worry at school, work, and injury all influence an individual profoundly. In Georgias case the pressure of her tests gets to her. She is constantly stressed that will fizzle and isn't certain that she has concentrates well. From the contextual investigation it isn't exactly obvious that whether she is confronting any sort of injury or worry at school yet she does feels on edge and tense about her assignments. This undesirable and consistent concern is offering ascend to side effects, for example, feeling eager, exhausted, trouble concentrating, rest aggravation and touchiness. Georgia is still not understanding that she is confronting an upsetting condition that won't go all alone. So as to give a superior personal satisfaction she needs to acknowledge and comprehend the side effects. Disengagement and depression set up for these scatters (Etkin, Prater, Schatzberg, Menon, Greicius, 2009). The initial step of tension recuperation is the ID of the side effects and seeing how to conquer them. Self improvement and acknowledgment assumes a crucial job as an individual ought to acknowledge the way that the person in question is managing nervousness and acknowledges it as the piece of recuperation. The subsequent advance is to take the assistance of clinical experts to manage your tension. There are various treatments and drugs that are given to treat these scatters. Antidepressants, nervousness decreasing medications and low portion antipsychotics are endorsed. Treatments like psychotherapies or talk treatment has been seen as very supportive (Dunlop, Davis, 2008). Psychotherapy incorporates psychological conduct treatment that shows a person to think, act and respond diversely to frightful circumstances and uneasiness causing circumstances. (Barlow, Bullis, Comer, Ame taj, 2013). These treatments help the person to confront their feelings of dread by taking part in exercises. These treatments have unwinding symbolism and activities to help quiet down the individual. An individual needs to diminish the powerlessness by connecting and associating with others. Investing energy with others is an instrument for responsibility and certainty. The individual should meet their companions, join a care group. Georgia isn't helping herself as of late she has even quit going out with her companions like she used to. Exercise and enough rest likewise has a significant influence in quieting our cerebrums as absence of rest brings forth on edge emotions and considerations. While these self improvement treatments and systems can be compelling it is significant that we look for proficient assistance. There is a key connection among physical and psychological well-being. As indicated by specialists in Bangor University of Wales a serene and resting mind is useful in doing stenos physical activit

Narcissus And Goldmund Essays - Narcissus And Goldmund, Narcissus

Narcissus And Goldmund All through this book Hesse consistently investigates the possibility of the contention people experience while looking for their actual character. Narcissus and Goldmund, two medieval men whose characters are illustrations for the hidden subject of keeps an eye on singular quest for self and the human experience. Narcissus is a priest firm in his strict and scholarly convictions or so he thinks, and Goldmund an adolescent hungry for information and educational experience. Narcissus the mind carrying on with an absolutely scholastic life yet when Goldmund turns out to be a piece of his life, ends up battling the enthusiastic piece of his mind. Goldmund is the opposite, an individual destined to live to its fullest yet battling those wants because of parental impacts. The two men are oppositely inverse, even their names are allegorical ? Narcissus the encapsulation of unadulterated acumen and Goldmund who's names deciphers as Brilliant mouth which shows a crave life and common encounters. The narrative of both people are analogies of the ways and degree that one can lead a real existence. Narcissus has a hermetic presence in his ivory tower with his unadulterated idea , thinking and independent depression for friends. He is shut off from life in the religious community the acidic who is absolutely ignorant of life's cycles. Goldmund's alleged drifter way of life wealthy in experience, free soul and free decisions. I feel here that Hesse that it be focused on that the outrageous of any way of life, for example, in this story is really perilous to the individual, and as indicated by Hesse himself ( Comments from a discussion with Rudolf Koester) the improvement to turn into a character with benefit to think, feel, and act freely is the essential duty of the person. Limits, for example, a total withdrawal into a hermetically fixed inner self is as perilous as the person who capitulates to the charm of similarity while respecting pressure. The individual must build up a harmony between the two powers I discovered it very fascinating that two men are absolute contrary energies and however could be so associated with one another. As Hesse appears in this book each is in the brains of the other all through their different lives. This is upheld for model when Goldmund is cutting a sculpture of John the Baptist just to see that the face that he has cut is that of Narcissus'. Possibly the two men have one thing in like manner in that they are both leading lives that are very outrageous, which was the whole center that Hesse needed for this book.

Organizational Behavior and Management for Vergara - myassignmenthelp

Question: Examine about theOrganizational Behavior and Management for Vergara. Answer: Presentation The point this task is to dissect the sorts of initiative that will be actualized by an association during the hour of dispatch of an undertaking. It is essential to choose a specific kind of authority relying on the circumstance inside the association. The report will likewise feature upon the means that are taken by the venture chiefs to determine a wide range of difficulties during the underlying time of task dispatch. Explanation behind picking the initiative styles As indicated by Vergara (2014), it is significant for each association to choose a specific initiative style, which will expect to propel a wide range of workers and colleagues and help them to comprehend the hierarchical targets. With the assistance of viable administration style, it is likewise conceivable to give an underlying course to facilitated cooperation. During the underlying time frame, the administration style will come to improve correspondence between the colleagues. This is fundamental to manufacture a solid holding between the colleagues. Group administration style should be actualized in the process to improve the group holding during the underlying time frame. The group heads need to follow the transformational style of administration, which is important to change the colleagues into new viewpoint and help them to change their perspectives. The pioneers likewise need to center upon the corporate social duty the association, which as indicated by Breunig (2014), will assist with enhancing the open relationship and hierarchical notoriety. With the assistance of this style of initiative, it is conceivable to keep up manageability of the group extend and build up a feeling of social obligation inside the corporate colleagues. Instruments utilized by venture supervisor to impact venture group It is imperative to utilize compelling specialized apparatuses by the undertaking director, which is planned to enhance the relational aptitudes of the colleagues. This is likewise one of the pivotal parts of the transformational initiative styles. Solid persuasive methods should be fused inside each individual from the group that will help the undertaking supervisor set up a drawn out corporate relationship with each colleagues. The authority Tools and methods likewise need to concentrate up on outside business condition. This is required in taking care of business of authoritative destinations. It is additionally one of the essential objectives of the group head to guarantee ecological and work environment wellbeing for each representative, which will assist with guaranteeing smooth working capacity of colleagues under each basic circumstance. During the underlying time frame, it is basic to actualize legitimate evaluation apparatus, which will help the group head to comprehend the individual degree of qualities and shortcomings (Du et al., 2013). Five sorts of intensity that is utilized to rouse work coordinated effort The five significant sorts of intensity that are required inside the pioneers include: Genuine Power: The task supervisors have the real position to give specific heading to each colleague, which should satisfy the authoritative goal. So as to spur the workers and impact them to enhance their exhibition, it is fundamental for the undertaking administrator to give legitimate pay to each presentation gave at singular level. Prize force: this is likewise a fundamental part of giving significant level of inspiration that is given by the group chief. With the assistance of legitimate gratefulness in a type of remuneration, this is it conceivable to persuade workers to give additional push to improve by and large hierarchical execution. Master power: It is the obligation of the venture administrator to set them for instance of positive wellspring of impact. This is mostly compelling to impact and inspire the colleagues to take up new hierarchical difficulties. The elevated level of aptitude of group pioneer is likewise powerful to impact colleagues in beating their shortcomings. This can affect upon the general results of the undertaking, as the association can make progress in their targets. Referent Power: the venture administrator of a group has the position to practice distinctive force, which permits them to report all sort of issues that are tallied by the colleagues. It additionally empowers them to set up a solid holding and feeling of Trust inside the colleagues and they are urged to raise all sort of issues and difficulties. Discipline Power: The group head has the position to rebuff the under entertainers. This can have a solid impact upon the colleagues as they are constrained to adhere to the hierarchical guidance and not to embrace any unscrupulous approaches to make singular progress (Clarke, 2013). Explanation behind choice of the sorts of the specific kind of administration The sort of authority style that has been referenced in the past segments will assist with enhancing coordination inside the colleagues. This is profoundly basic during the underlying time of undertaking dispatch. This can likewise assist with impacting upon the relational aptitudes of colleagues that is basic in keeping up appropriate corporate correspondence. It is likewise fundamental to guarantee that no colleagues are embracing unscrupulous strategies to make singular progress (Romager et al., 2017). Steps taken by Project Manager to determine difficulties So as to determine the difficulties that are experienced by colleagues, it is fundamental for the task chief to start legitimate method of relational correspondence hypothesis, which is meant to improve the coordination of the colleagues. Legitimate preparing program should be started for the powerless entertainers, which will assist with recognizing the reason for lackluster showing of the general association. The preparation program will furnish the chance to manage the issues straightforwardly with all the representatives. End The inferring that it tends to be said that it is basic to pick compelling administration style during beginning time of task dispatch which is planned to enhance the relational aptitude of each colleagues. The pioneers need to practice their genuine force and duty to rouse and impact the colleagues. Reference Breunig, M. (2014). Authority Styles and Ethics. Initiative in Recreation and Leisure Services, 96. Clarke, S. (2013). Wellbeing initiative: A meta?analytic survey of transformational and value-based authority styles as predecessors of security practices. Diary of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 86(1), 22-49. Du, S., Swaen, V., Lindgreen, A., Sen, S. (2013). The jobs of initiative styles in corporate social obligation. Diary of business morals, 114(1), 155-169. Romager, J., Hughes, K., Trimble, J., Verburg, M., Camp, J., Jones, M. (2017). Impacts of Authentic Leadership Styles and Challenges to Enduring Pervasive Leadership Models. Vergara, E. S. (2014). Portrayal of initiative styles by breaking down interpersonal organizations. Diary of Business, 6(1), 30-42.

Effects of Phobias on Your Emotions and Personality

Effects of Phobias on Your Emotions and Personality Phobias Print 5 Common Effects of Phobias on Your Emotions and Personality By Lisa Fritscher Lisa Fritscher is a freelance writer and editor with a deep interest in phobias and other mental health topics. Learn about our editorial policy Lisa Fritscher Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on April 05, 2017 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on July 16, 2019 Dave and Les Jacobs / Blend Images / Getty Images More in Phobias Causes Symptoms and Diagnosis Treatment Types A specific phobia is, by nature, triggered by  a specific object or situation. Unlike  generalized anxiety disorder,  people with a specific phobia are not consumed by pervasive worry and fear. However, a phobia can have a very real impact on a persons daily functioning and quality of life. Common Emotional Effects of Phobias Here are five examples of the emotional effects some people experience as a result of their phobia. Life-Limiting and Severe Anxiety One of the main criteria for diagnosing a phobia is that it is life-limiting in nature. Depending on what your phobia is, you might find it a real struggle to run errands, go out with friends, or even make it to work every day. In other words, a specific phobia  can significantly impair your education, your career, and your overall quality of life.   How Exactly Do You Diagnose a Phobia? Isolation Limitations associated with phobias can make you experience social isolation. You may wonder why you are not like everybody else. This can affect your relationships with family and friends, which could contribute to you becoming reclusive and depressed.   Embarrassment Phobias can create  awkward and embarrassing situations. For example, how do you explain to your best friend that you can never visit her home because she owns a dog? How do you turn down a trip to the Bahamas with a new love because you can’t bring yourself to get on a plane? Social phobia can be especially difficult to manage because the underlying fear is of humiliation. Having a phobic reaction can make you feel embarrassed, which often only reinforces the persistent fear. Feeling Out of Control Perhaps one of the worst emotional components of a phobia is the out-of-control feeling. You may understand that your phobia is irrational and/or excessive, but no matter how hard you try, you cannot get it under control. You are not alone if you spend time thinking about what your life would be like if you could simply live daily without the dread of coming into contact with that specific object or situation.   Helplessness Helplessness may appear when you realize that your phobia has affected several or even all aspects of your life, like your job, social life, and general happiness. You may feel that there is nothing you can do to heal. You may assume that you will always have your phobia. You may wish things were different, but feel that they never will be. A Word From Verywell The good news is that if your phobia is causing any of these distressing thoughts or feelings, be reassured that you can get better with proper  treatment.  Like any mental disorder, it is easy for a phobia to have an impact far beyond its basic symptoms. Treating the phobia will eventually help to reduce negative feelings like shame and helplessness. That being said, while you are in treatment, you may find that some negative feelings remain. Be sure to tell your mental health professional. Further therapy, perhaps from a psychodynamic point of view, can help you to sort out your feelings and concerns. While you are undergoing treatment for a specific phobia, you may find that self-help methods such as stress-relieving tools and relaxation techniques can also help reduce your symptoms.

Essay over Sen and Election Statistics - 1100 Words

Essay over Sen and Election Statistics (Essay Sample) Content: Student's Name; Professor's Name; Course; Date; Essay over Sen and Election Statistics The United States 2016 election went down as one of the most divided in the American history with the country divided into racial and religious lines. The fundamental existence of the United States as a country has been its stand on multiculturalism whereby different groups such as whites, blacks, Latinos, and Natives live together without viewing each other according to racial lines. Religious identity was also not an issue before but currently Muslims are seen as terrorists thanks to xenophobic remarks by the now President-elect Donald Trump. The Republican presidential candidate ran his campaign on the promise of banning immigration and building a wall between the United States and Mexico. Trump was repeatedly quoted as saying that his administration would racially profile immigrants and Muslims as he considered them a threat to the American national security. Promoting and strengthening a multicultural society in the United States has been one of the hallmarks of its democracy wh ich is now threatened by a Republican president who has divided the country along different culturesCITATION Jam03 \p 197 \l 1033 (Banks 197). A culture of a place refers to the way of life of such people, including their shared language, beliefs, values and norms. The United States society is made up of whites, Latinos, African Americans, Asians, Native Americans and native Hawaiians. For a long time, the United States culture has been described as multicultural since it comprises of people from different cultures who live together in harmony. The 2016 presidential election threatened such diversity and divided people along racial, religious and cultural lines. The official campaigning period was marked by racial rhetoric from the Republican presidential candidate which led to violence by white supremacists in the country. A lot of citizens and immigrants in the country reported after the election that they were afraid of being attacked because of being immigrants or among the groups which Trump referred to as undocumented immigrants. The 2016 presidential election has brought big divisions in the United States which had n ever been witnessed since slavery periodCITATION Sta16 \p 10 \l 1033 (Renshon 10). The current violence and divisions resemble the experience that author Amartya Sen in the book "Identity and Violence" after witnessing an injured Muslim laborer who was stabbed by Hindus during riots which occurred in the region of Bengal. Sen explains the horrors of the violence that he witnessed during that time, wondering what led to the Hindus and Muslims to fight and they had previously lived together as a community in harmony. The author recalls the event in his book, arguing that it traumatized him for a long time wondering how a community can be hostile to another one to appoint of deciding to kill them. Sen also wonders why a group of people who have lived together in peace and harmony suddenly turn into violence and divide themselves according to racial, religious and social lines. Sen Writes, "the violence of identity was extraordinarily hard to grasp. It is not particularly easy for a still bewildered elderly adult." CITATION Ama08 \p 10 \l 1033 (Sen 10)This is the curr ent feeling in the United States as the world watches one of the most stable democracies in the world turn into each other violently. Understanding and implementing a plan to promote and strengthen a multicultural society in the United States calls for all races, religious and social groups to live together as before instead of the current divisions which are being witnessed in the country. Such events bring to focus the words of former President Abraham Lincoln who argued that a house divided cannot stand and thus the crisis at the time needed to be reached and passed. Lincoln was addressing the nation during a time during a time of racial, political and social divisions and the height of slavery in the United States. Promoting a multicultural society in the United States means embracing the words of the outgoing president Barack Obama that there is no black, white or Latino America, there is only the United States of America. President Obama also stated during the 2004 Democratic national convention that all Americans served one living God despite being of different religious denominations and groups. Obamas and Donald Trump's sentiments are very different and are said to have or will have a great significance in the future of the United States as a multicultural society. Whereas Obama advocated for the togetherness and multiculturalism of the United States, Trump seems to favor dividing and sponsoring violence of the different groups currently in existence in the country. For instance, the Americans currently view immigrants as a disease in the country after the Republican presidential candidate associated crimes, drugs and job losses to them. Such rhetoric's created animosity which is currently witnessed whereby immigrants fear that the natives can harm themCITATION Pau161 \p 5 \l 1033 (Snatchko 5). According to Paul Snatchko of Paulist Fathers, the 2016 American presidential election presents a difficult time for the American nation, as headlines have left the country disturbed and disoriented. Prejudices which were long dead have risen again and given a new voice which was advanced by the Republicans during the presidential campaign. Such prejudices include the animosity between whites and African Americans, natives, and immigrants as well as whites and Latinos. The Muslims are also facing a difficult time as Donald Trump threatened during the presidential campaigns that his regime would come up with a registry for vetting all Muslims in the countryCITATION Tys16 \p 10 \l 1033 (Tyson and Maniam 10). Strengthening a multicultural society in the United States calls for understanding the fears that minority groups such as immigrants, Muslims and Latinos experience at the moment and address. Tensions are running high in some United States cities and as Amartya Sen wonders, what makes people who have been living in harmony in a multicultural society decide to fight and harm each other? Bad politics fuel some of the inter-ethnic and inter-racial conflicts around the world, and that is what the United States need to step away fr...

What Is Distemper Paint and How Is It Used

Distemper paint is an ancient type of paint that can be traced back to the earliest eras of human history. It is an early form of whitewash made of water, chalk, and pigment, and it is often bound with an animal-based glue-like egg or the adhesive qualities of casein, a resin that comes from solidified milk. The primary problem with distemper paint is that it is not durable. For this reason, it is used more often for temporary or inexpensive projects rather than fine art. The Uses of Distemper Paint Historically, distemper has been a popular interior paint for homes. In fact, it has been used since antiquity for painting walls and other types of house decoration. It is easily marked, but cannot get wet. Because its not waterproof, it has been used almost exclusively for interior surfaces. Only in regions that seldom, if ever, see rain can it be used outside. Despite these disadvantages, it was a popular paint for so long because it is cheap and provides good coverage in just a couple of coats. It also dries quickly, and any mistakes can be wiped clean with a wet rag. Other than its durability issue, it really is a great interior house paint. Though it saw continual use from ancient Egyptian times to the end of the 19th century, the advent of more durable oil- and latex-based house paints has rendered distemper obsolete. The exceptions are instances of historic and period-authentic structures, where distempered surfaces continue to be maintained. It also remains somewhat common in theatrical presentations and other short-term applications. Distemper Paint in Asia Distemper has been used extensively in Asian painting traditions, especially in Tibet. The Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York even has a collection of Tibetan and Nepalese works in distemper on cloth or wood. Unfortunately, as distemper on canvas or paper is less age-resistant, there are few surviving examples. In India, distemper wall paint remains a popular and economical choice for interiors. Distemper Paint Versus Tempera Paint There is common confusion about the difference between distemper and tempera paints. Some people say that distemper is a simplified form of tempera paint, but there are more significant differences. The main distinction is that tempera is thick and durable, which is why its often used in artwork. Distemper, on the other hand, is thin and impermanent. Both are made with natural components and require just a few ingredients. However, because of the permanence issue, tempera is used more often than distemper paint today. Make Your Own Distemper Paint To make your own distemper, you will need  whiting, the white, chalky powder and either  size  (a gelatinous substance) or animal glue to act as the binder. Water is used as the base and you can add any pigment you like to create an infinite variety of colors.

The Effect Of Stretching On Muscle Strength And Performance

Increased muscle strength and performance is sought after by athletes of almost every discipline, as well as others simply looking to increases their health and fitness. Stretch and flexibility is another area of fitness, one that is often neglected by most people. However, the effect of stretching on both muscle strength and performance is disputed by the relatively few studies that have actually been done on the topic. The results of the studies have ranged from concluding that stretching has a negative effect on strength on performance to concluding that it has no effect to even concluding that it can have a positive effect. Many factors play a role in muscle strength and performance so it is difficult to conclusively determine what is due to stretching and what is due to one of the other variable that come into play when exercising and training. Knowing the effect of stretching on muscle strength and performance would allow athletes and their trainers to develop more efficient an d productive training plans to help the athletes achieve a higher level of performance. Most people are under the impression that stretching lengthens muscles and that an increase in flexibility is due to an increase in the length of the muscle itself. This is not accurate. Flexibility is not achieved by having long muscles, but rather having to do with the length-tension relationship of the muscle (Magnusson 1998). There are several different theories for how stretching increases flexibility andShow MoreRelatedThe Effect Of Different Stretching Techniques On Myosin Actin1217 Words   |  5 Pages The Effects of Different Stretching Techniques on Myosin and Actin Fibers and How it Affects Athletic Performance Actin and myosin filaments can be found in skeletal muscle and are the smallest units that form a sarcomere, which is the smallest contractile unit in muscle (Baechle, 2008). The Sliding Filament Theory states that the actin filaments slide inward on the myosin filaments, pulling on the boundaries of the sarcomere, causing it to shorten the muscle fiber, also known as a concentric muscularRead MoreTypes Of Flexibility And Physical Activity1503 Words   |  7 PagesIs dynamic or static stretching more beneficial to flexibility? Flexibility is the range of motions in your joints. (Waehner) Dynamic stretching is more controlled movements. For example, leg and arm swings. Your goal with dynamic stretching is to bring the muscles as close to their range of motion as possible. (Stretches Definition, 2014) Static stretching consists of reaching an holding a stretch just beyond the normal range of motion. (Stretches Definition, 2014) Stretching is often used in sportsRead MoreThe Components Of Fitness And Fitness1464 Words   |  6 Pagesof both your physical and mental state can decrease your chances of injury or any specific type of bodily harm, and is determined by 5 important components. The five components of fitness are cardiovascular endurance, muscular endurance, muscular strength, flexibility, and body composition. The components of fitness are used in schools, gyms, and health clubs to measure how good your physical fitness is progressing and how in shape and healthy your body is. These five components are highly importantRead MorePersuasive Essay On Runners Choice1643 Words   |  7 Pageslose weight. It is an enjoyable way to exercise, and is a natural stress reliever. Running can change your lifestyle and force you to adapt to certain physically intense situations. This includes the body’s reaction to stress, and a variety of other effects that come with running regularly. Running has a plethora of health benefits that include a prolonged life an d immunity to various diseases. This activity is the fastest way to burn fat, and can be easy to perform if done correctly. Although runningRead MorePlyometric Training Essay1242 Words   |  5 Pagesa number of athletic performances. This training method is meant to be used with other power development methods in a complete training program to improve the relationship between maximum strength and explosive power (Radcliffe 1). In order to understand how plyometric training works or why it is so effective, one must understand what is meant by power. Power is similar to strength but with the time factor included, meaning speed. 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Three types of muscles 1. Smooth muscle 2. Cardiac muscle 3. Skeletal muscle b. Benefits of exercise to muscles 1. Muscle Strength 2. Muscle Endurance 3. Muscle Size 4. MuscleRead MoreTennis Serve And Effective Warm Up Protocol2820 Words   |  12 Pagesmaximally executed skill involving many large muscle groups and because of its influenence on success, a lot of time is time is spent training it in coaching sessions. Therefore an effective warm-up protocol is essential for tennis to assist maximal muscular performance can be utilised and injury can be prevented. For this reason it is common practise for warm-ups to take place prior to training or matches (Bishop, 2003). Overall tennis performance is very much dependent on the serve. 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Level of significance was kept 0.05, effect size of the study was 0.94 , with 80% power (1- á µ ). Sampling method Total numbers of recreational male soccer players were recruited by convenience sampling method for our study. Sources of subjects Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi Methods of selecting

No Child Left Behind Standardization - 1608 Words

The large change for standardization began with the implementation of the No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB) in 2001. According to professors of education Delilah David, Ingrid Haynes, Bernnell M. Peltier-Glaze, Summer Pannell, and head of Texas Marshall County school district, Carrie Skelton, the NCLB was responsible for a number of undesirable consequences in school administration. Districts became responsible for test scores from individual schools, creating pressures among administrative officials to perform well. The act also made it easier for the federal government to become more involved in education, primarily in its finances. Dr. Martin Wasserburg conducted an assessment of lower-income schools in an urban area and found that t†¦show more content†¦However, the NCLB has fallen far too short of its goal. Standardized testing has not only failed to help disadvantaged students, but has hurt them and their districts as well (Wasserberg). Write more The increase of standardization in education in the years following the NCLB’s implementation brought more undesirable consequences, one of them being the pressure placed on teachers to perform well. More now than ever, teachers are accountable for the test scores and performances given by individual students (Wiliam, Dylan). In fact, the main purpose of standardized testing is not to assess the contextual knowledge of students, but rather to act as an assessment of teacher performance and quality. Teachers are held more accountable for the scores of their students than the students themselves are, despite the proven lack of control that teachers have over test scores. This particular facet of the American education system sets us apart other developing countries, where students are held as equally accountable to their scores as teachers are. According to Dylan Wiliam, two-thirds of the reasoning behind test scores can be traced back to socioeconomic factors, further show ing that teachers have a small influence in a student’s test score, and that they should not be assessed based on them alone. WhenShow MoreRelatedCommon Core s Supporters And Non Supporters974 Words   |  4 Pagesschool system is desperately needed. The United States has fallen behind its peers in the international communities, who participate in the Programme for International Student Assessment, in almost every measurable scholarly subject. Therefore, the United States needs to help its students to become better scholars so they can internationally compete in the business market place. Common Core is also trying to bring a standardization of learning and cohesiveness to all schools across the United StatesRead MoreAmerica s Education Over The Course Of Time1007 Words   |  5 Pagesexample with his school in Chicago. â€Å"During the last thirty-five years with the establishment of the Dewey school in Chicago the elementary area of education in America has become increasingly dominated by the whole-child concept† (Ohio State Universiy Press, 1938). The slogan â€Å"the whole child goes to schoo l† describe a concept that Dewey would work to put into use with his schools in Chicago. However, John Dewey: Educational Philosopher explains how Dewey and his ideas were not always accepted. â€Å"BecauseRead MoreEssay on Standardized Testing1458 Words   |  6 PagesNo Child Left Behind Act and Standardized Testing: State, National, and International American Education has been a work in progress for the past century and a half. To measure its progress, successes, and failings, there are standardized tests. These tests have been used to compare schools, states, and nations. The key subjects being tested as a universal measure are mathematics, reading, and science. To help improve the scores on these tests, the United States put into law the No Child LeftRead MoreNo Child Left Behind and the Common Core State Standards700 Words   |  3 PagesThe main goal of both No Child Left Behind and the Common Core State Standards are to have students perform better primary in Language Arts and Mathematics, though the Common Core State Standards does branch out into other subjects, like Science. With No Child Left Behind, there is a focus on testing on Language Arts and Mathematics and schools that do not improve would face sanctions. With the Common Core State Standards, there is still a focus on testing primary in Language Arts and Mat hematicsRead MoreThe Mcdonaldization Of Society By George Ritzer999 Words   |  4 Pagesmechanistic worldview that applies to the state of education in American society. The calculability idea behind standardization is that each student’s level of progress is measured against set averages. This in theory is supposed to efficiently enable administrators and district officials to hold teachers accountable for the success of their students. The unfortunate result is that standardization limits a teachers’ ability to teach a variety of purposeful topics, prohibits them from diving furtherRead MoreEducational System Reform1071 Words   |  4 Pagesenvy of the world, yet today it has slipped to mediocre at best. Although most people agree that the system needs reform, there are a wide variety of different ideas about how to do so. Some call for privatization of the system, other believe standardization is the proper route, and still others call for more liberalization and resources be devoted to the system similar to some other countries such as Finland. Although many other systems around the world have shown remarkable results, simply mimic kingRead MoreNation At Risk Gave Rise To Two Major Education Reform974 Words   |  4 PagesNation at Risk gave rise to two major education reform movements; accountability and school choice. Federal government started thinking about testing, and standardization, which resulted in No Child Left Behind (NCLB), and Race to the Top. 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This focus on basic skills is taking much needed timeRead MoreThe Negative Effects Of Standardized Testing871 Words   |  4 PagesThe Negative Effects of Standardized Testing The purpose of the No Child Left Behind Act is designed to close the achievement gap between high/low performing children and improve/strengthen accountability amongst schools (Department of Education). As a result, the Department of Education has implemented a sanctions and rewards system, stipulated in the No Child Left behind Act. If schools do not perform according to the act, funding will be withdrawn, teachers and administrators could get laid offRead MoreTesting And De Grading Schools : Authentic Alternatives For Accountability And Standardization1080 Words   |  5 PagesGuerrero July 4, 2015 EDDL 941 Book Review Bower, J., Thomas, P. L. (Eds.). (2013). De-testing and de-grading schools: Authentic alternatives to accountability and standardization. New York: Peter Lang Publishing Inc. Synopsis: I found De-testing and de-grading schools: Authentic alternatives to accountability and standardization by Bower and Thomas, an interesting read and consistent with the critiques of high stakes testing and assessment we’ve read about and watched in this class. It is a

Unjust Iraq War Essay - 1484 Words

The Iraq war has been a very sensitive and divisive issue in todays society. Although we can not ignore the cloud around this administration when it comes to potential incentives that going to war presented, (such as oil for profits and retaliation to Saddam Hussein for the Gulf War and treatment of President Bush Sr.), I will look beyond these potential motives to explain why the U.S. involvement in the Iraq War was unjust simply because it doesnt fall into any of the four functions of force authored by Robert J. Art. The United States ignored the U.N. guidelines for peace, as well as its public protest against the war, to strike Iraq with an unprovoked attack. A war fought on the premise that this country had ties to Osama Bin Laden,†¦show more content†¦The easiest way to prove that was to find the weapons of mass destruction or supported programs. Leaving aside the fact that many do not accept this interpretation even in principle, the U.S.( Britain, its primary military ally) needed to demonstrate that Iraqs weapons of mass destruction compatibility was imminent. They failed to do so, both before and after the war.(276) This strike doesnt fit as a defense of preemptive, (an attack in hours or days), nor does it fit for defense of preventive, (an attack in months or years). The U.S. had successfully attacked a harmless country. The next function of force according to Art is deterrence. This serves to prevent the enemy from doing something that one doesn’t want him to do and that he might otherwise be tempted to do by threatening him with unacceptable punishment if he does. In essence this is the threat of retaliation for deviating from one’s requests. The effectiveness of the threat depends upon the states’ credibility for carrying out the threat, and the United States being the superpower that it is, had all the credibility needed to have the full attention of the Iraqi leader. This is why Hussein complied with the UN in 2002 with the Security Council Resolution 1441. This act demanded that Iraq re-admit weapons inspectors and comply with previous resolutions it has ignored since the 1990s. Even after the U.N. inspector Hans Blix reported that there was noShow MoreRelatedEssay on Just War Doctrine And The Gulf Conflict1275 Words   |  6 Pages Just War Doctrine and the Gulf Conflict nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;In evaluating US involvement in the Iraq conflict in terms of the Just War Doctrine - jus ad bellum and jus in bello - it is my opinion that the US adhered to the Doctrine in its entirety. The US acted justly both in its entering into the Gulf conflict (jus ad bellum) and in its conduct while in the conflict (jus in bello). To support this opinion I will individually address the co parts that constitute the Just War DoctrineRead MoreWho is Responsible for the Establishment of the War in Iraq?699 Words   |  3 PagesAccountability: After reviewing the just war theory in relation to the war in Iraq, it is assessed the Iraq war did not meet the requirements for the Iraq war. Michael Walzer stated that, ‘the Iraq war was an unnecessary war and unnecessary wars are also unjust wars’ (Religion and Ethics news weekly, 2009, Online). As a result, the Iraq war did not have a plausible cause or authorisation for intervention. Due to the failure to assess whether Iraq did conceal WMD, Weapons inspector David Kay arguesRead More Iraq War Essay examples582 Words   |  3 Pagesnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The war waged on Iraq by the United States has been the cause of heated debate all over the world. Many people have opposed the United States attack on Iraq for many viable reasons. Some of these reasons include that it is not in the best interests for the reputation of the United States with the other nations of the global community, it poses an increased threat to United States homeland security, and it will r esult in many unjust crimes committed by the United StatesRead MoreThe Main Idea Of The Article The Aquinas Inquiry, Is To1235 Words   |  5 PagesThe Aquinas Inquiry, is to explain or kind of conclude what a medieval philosophers panel would look like and how they would feel about the invasion of Iraq, Tony Blair’s decisions, and Saddam Hussein and determine the reasons. â€Å"The members of the ‘Aquinas Inquiry’ have already developed a set of six criteria which should be met in order for any war to be considered just.† The set of criteria will be used in this article to determine whether or not Tony Blair had just cause.   Ã‚  Ã‚   The author of thisRead MorePositive and Negative Impacts of the Sixties Counterculture1532 Words   |  7 Pagesthe transformation that hippies cultivated, have found the will to persist in revolutionizing social and political policy. Their alternative lifestyles and radical beleifs were the shocking blow that American culture-- segregation, McCarthyism, unjust wars, censorship--needed to prove that some Americans still had the common sense to care for one another. The young people of the sixties counterculture movement were successful at awakening awareness on many causes that are being fought in modern AmericanRead MoreThe Moral Implications Of The Us Invaded Iraq1689 Words   |  7 Pagesimplications of war. He once said â€Å"War is the mere continuation of politics by other means†, a statement that has become all too relevant in the twenty-first century. This paper will serve to analyze why the US invaded Iraq in 2003, discussing the underlying agenda of th e Bush administration at the time compared to what information was given to the public. First, evaluating how the Bush administration used propaganda to vilify the Iraqi regime as terrorists and convince the US public that invading Iraq wasRead MoreIraq Invasion of Kuwait vs US Iraq War Essay1162 Words   |  5 Pages Iraq Invasion of Kuwait vs U.S Iraq War Iraq and Kuwait have a long history; Kuwait played a huge part in the Iran-Iraq war, mostly financially. Open warfare began on September 22, 1980; Iraq claimed Iran shelled a number of border posts on September 4, 1980. Kuwait funded Iraq during the Iraq-Iran war, which caused tension between the two nations when Iraq couldn’t pay the $14 billion dollars back to Kuwait when it was time to settle their debt. The Iraqi government asked Kuwait to forgive theRead MoreThe War Of The United States1639 Words   |  7 PagesKennedy US History Honors P.6 9 February 2015 Iraq War The United States has intervened in many countries throughout history. Some countries became better off with the help that was given by the United States, while other countries stayed static, or became even worse. The war with Iraq is a great example of the horrors that the United States can create when she decides to mess with other countries. America thought that she knew what was best for Iraq, but America was wrong. The United States shouldRead MoreThe War Was A Humanitarian War1275 Words   |  6 PagesThe Iraq War began in 2003 in an attempt to remove the threat of weapons of mass destruction, while also trying to free the Iraqi people from their evil dictator, Saddam Hussein. This war was costly in many different aspects in the fact that it cost the United States thousands of dollars and wounded or killed many U.S. soldiers. Despite these costs, the U.S. was successful in freeing the Iraqi people, but no weapons of mass destruction were ever found. The Iraq War was a hu manitarian war becauseRead MoreWhat Is Walzer s Theory Of Aggression1318 Words   |  6 Pagessimilar to those of the states. He argues that â€Å"Every violation of the territorial integrity or political sovereignty of an independent state is called aggression† He subdivides the theory into six main points that act as the standards of comprehending war from a moral point of view. †¢ The international community constitutes of independent nations that Wazler uses to demonstrate the concept of a civilized society. †¢ The states that form the international community have rights. The foundation of the

Their Eyes Were Watching God Analysis Free Essays

string(66) " to participate in conversations in which she voiced her opinion\." â€Å"The Power Struggle in African American Marriages† Zora Neale Hurston is recognized as one of the key contributors to the Harlem Renaissance that occurred during the 1920s and 1930s. Her multitudes of literary works explore and celebrate African American culture and heritage without directly addressing the subject of racism which was prevalent during this time. Hurston incorporates both the positive and negative aspects of African American culture into her stories in order to give a true depiction to her audience. We will write a custom essay sample on Their Eyes Were Watching God Analysis or any similar topic only for you Order Now In a number of her works, including â€Å"Sweat† and Their Eyes Were Watching God, domestic violence plays a very frequent role in marriages. Husbands would hit their wives to establish their power in the relationship, even when the wives did not do anything to deserve such cruel brutality. In Hurston’s short story, â€Å"Sweat†, oppression of women in the black community is demonstrated through the marriage of Delia and Sykes Jones. In another of her short stories, â€Å"The Gilded Six-Bits†, Hurston writes about a married couple who is completely in love and share a balance of power in the relationship. In 1937, Hurston published one of her more well-known works, Their Eyes Were Watching God. The novel is about a young African American girl, Janie Crawford, and her journey from a young girl into an independent woman. This transformation is gradually seen through her three marriages. Although each of the marriages was very different from one another, they all shared the same underlying conflict: a power struggle between genders. Due to the death of her mother at an early age, Janie is raised by her grandmother who grew up as a slave. Nanny, her grandmother, is extremely dissatisfied with the way that black women are treated. She explains to Janie that the white men oppress the black men who then oppress the black women. It is a brutal cycle that forces black woman to act as the â€Å"mules† by doing all of the hard work (14). In order to protect Janie from this oppression, Nanny forces the sixteen year old girl to marry Logan Killicks. Before the wedding, Janie tries to convince herself she will be happy when she thinks, â€Å"Husbands and wives always loved each other, and that was what marriage meant. † (21). Nanny has the opposite view of marriage as Janie; Nanny views marriage as a contract in which the couple does not have to be in love. Many years older than Janie, Logan is a dull farmer who owns sixty acres of land. After almost a year of being married to Logan, Janie is disheartened by the fact that she still does not love him. As time passes, Logan gradually begins to oppress Janie. At the beginning of the marriage, he would chop the firewood and bring it indoors to Janie. Then, he started expecting Janie to chop the firewood herself and bring it into the house. He not only demands Janie to serve him in the home by preparing his meals and cleaning, but he also expects Janie to serve him in the field by plowing or moving cow manure. One day when Janie is in the kitchen cooking dinner, Logan yells at her to move some cow manure. Janie refuses his order by saying that she is in her place in the kitchen. Logan verbally exerts his power over his wife as he tells her, â€Å"You ain’t got no particular place. It’s wherever Ah need yuh. † (31). He also expresses his power through violence when he threatens Janie by telling her that he will kill her with an ax if she talks back to him again. To Logan, Janie is just an object that he can utilize for labor and chores. He even plans to buy Janie her own mule so that she can plow the fields as well. The irony of this is that Nanny only wanted Janie to marry Logan so that Janie would not have to be worked like a â€Å"mule†. When Logan is gone for the day to pick up the mule, Janie meets a man by the name of Joe Starks (Jody). She is very fascinated by this confident and charming man. When Jody hears that Logan is making her plow the fields, he is appalled. He convinces Janie to run away with him by telling her he will treat her like a wife and take good care of her. Janie makes her first step towards asserting her independence when she leaves Logan to run away with another man. Although Hurston’s short story â€Å"Sweat† exhibits a more extreme case of domestic violence and oppression than in Their Eyes Were Watching God, Delia’s marriage with Sykes is somewhat parallel to Janie’s marriage with Logan. Delia is constantly working as a wash woman in order to provide for her and her husband. Sykes does not contribute anything to the marriage. He has been verbally and physically abusing Delia since their second month of marriage, which was fifteen years ago. The balance of power in their relationship begins to shift when Delia starts to stand up for herself against her husband like Janie did against Logan. She even scares Sykes off when she threatens to hit him with a frying pan if he comes close to her. Janie and Delia both realize that they deserve to be treated with respect by the men who supposedly love them. Upon running away together and getting married, Jody and Janie move to an all-black community called Eatonville in which Jody eventually becomes mayor and ends up owning most of the town. Jody is very power hungry and likes to be in control. He even holds multiple positions in the community besides being mayor. Unlike Logan, Jody did not think women should work in the field or perform tough labor. He referred to Janie as his â€Å"pretty doll-baby† (29). He molded Janie into the perfect submissive â€Å"mayor’s wife†. She always had to be dressed perfectly and she was not allowed to participate in conversations in which she voiced her opinion. You read "Their Eyes Were Watching God Analysis" in category "Essay examples" He was not only in control of Eatonville but he was also in full control of Janie. He frequently used violence to assert his power over her. For instance, if he did not enjoy a dinner she prepared, he would hit her to punish her. One day, Janie could not take being silent anymore so she jumped into a conversation with Jody and the townspeople. She made the mistake of expressing her opinion on a matter that they were debating. Outraged and humiliated by his wife’s behavior, Jody hit his wife in front of everyone to remind her of her submissiveness to him. As Jody gained power in the community, Janie continued to lose her identity and whatever was left of her marriage. Whereas Logan treated Janie as an object that he could use in the house and field, Jody treated her as an object that people could admire from afar. When Jody is on his death bed, Janie finally speaks her mind and tells him all of the flaws that he possesses. She takes all of her anger and resentment that has built up over the past twenty years and lets it out on Jody on his death bed. This event was very significant in Janie’s quest for independence. Once again, Janie has shifted the balance of power from being the one controlled to being the controller. Jody dies very soon after Janie’s outburst. For the first time in twenty years, Janie is free again. Although Janie is content with being single and free, an unexpected visitor shows up in her life one day. Tea Cake is about twelve years younger than Janie and he possesses a care-free attitude that Janie loves. She ends up falling in love with him because of the way he makes her feel; when they are together, starts to find out her true identity. Unlike Logan and Jody, Tea Cake does not instruct Janie to play a certain role or try to silence her voice. He wants to hear her opinions and everything that she has to say. He teaches her to play checkers and other games that she was not allowed to play in her previous marriage to Jody. He even taught her how to shoot a gun. They always had fun together, no matter what they were doing. They move to the Everglades where they are able side by side in the field, bonding with one another every day. They view their gender roles as equal; he would cook dinner sometime while she worked in the field. One certain person does not hold power over the other one, which is very rare in marriages during this time period in their culture. In fact, when Janie get jealous of another girl to whom Tea Cake talks, she hits Tea Cake. This is a reversal of the gender roles that Janie encompassed in her previous marriages because she was usually the one being hit by her husband. When Tea Cake gets jealous of his wife and another man, he also hits Janie to remind everyone that she belongs to him. Even in a well-balanced and healthy marriage, violence is still used as a way to exert power during this time period. During an awful hurricane in the Everglades, Tea Cake is bitten by a dog with rabbis. Because he contracts rabbis, he becomes very violent and tries to kill the love of his life, Janie. For the first time ever, Janie fully asserts her independence when she kills the only man she has ever loved in order to survive. Janie and Tea Cake’s marriage is very similar to Missie May and John Banks’ marriage in the beginning of Hurston’s short story, â€Å"The Gilded Six-Bits†. Missie May and John treat each other equally and never try to oppress one another. John does not use violence to gain power over Missie May like most husbands did during this time. The biggest similarity the two couples have is the playfulness of their relationships. Janie and Tea Cake are always playing games or doing something fun. On that same level, Missie May and John always have a â€Å"play-fight† on Saturday to â€Å"keep the spark alive†. Merriam Webster Dictionary’s definition of power is â€Å"possession of control, authority, or influence over others†. During the early 1900s in African American culture, there was a large power struggle between males and females. African American males had been oppressed by white men for so long that in turn, they oppressed their African American women in attempt to feel powerful. Unfortunately, most people would not even blink an eye at a man hitting his wife or verbally abusing her in public. As seen in Janie’s transformation, a person cannot truly live up to their true potential until they are completely free of anything or anyone that would confine them. When Janie returns to Eatonville after Tea Cake’s death, she walks through the town with confidence. She learns not to care what other people think of her because it is not their life; it is her life and she is the one in control of it. Bibliography Hurston, Zora N. Their Eyes Were Watching God. New York: HarperCollins, 2006. Print. Hurston, Zora N. â€Å"Zora Neale Hurston’s â€Å"Sweat†Ã¢â‚¬  American Literature Research and Analysis Website. University of South Florida in Fort Myers, July 1996. Web. 13 Oct. 2011. http://itech. fgcu. edu/faculty/wohlpart/alra/hurston. htm. Hurston, Zora N. â€Å"Zora Neale Hurston’s â€Å"The Gilded Six-Bits†Ã¢â‚¬  American Literature Research and Analysis Website. University of South Florida in Fort Myers, July 1996. Web. 13 Oct. 2011. http://itech. fgcu. edu/faculty/wohlpart/alra/hurston. htm. â€Å"Power. † Dictionary and Thesaurus – Merriam-Webster Online. Merriam-Webster, Inc. Web. 13 Oct. 2011. http://www. merriam-webster. com/dictionary/power. Uppling, Jill. â€Å"†Sweat† and â€Å"The Gilded Six-Bits†: Between Hurston’s Biography and Education. † American Literature Research and Analysis Website. University of South Florida in Fort Myers, July 1996. Web. 13 Oct. 2011. http://itech. fgcu. edu/faculty/wohlpart/alra/hurston. htm. How to cite Their Eyes Were Watching God Analysis, Essay examples

Nature Vs Nurture Environment Example For Students

Nature Vs Nurture : Environment Give me a dozen healthy infants, well-formed, and my own specified world to bring them up in and I ll guarantee to take any one at random and train him to become any type of specialist I might select – doctor, lawyer, artist, merchant-chief and, yes, even beggar-man and thief, regardless of his talents, penchants, tendencies, abilities, vocations, and race of his ancestors. – John B. Watson. Generally, using the terms nature and nurture as a suitable catch-phrase for the roles of genetics and environment in human and animal development dates way back to 13th century France. Some scientists feel that people act according to genetic inclinations or animal instincts. This is the nature theory of human behavior. Other scientists suggest that people reason and act in certain ways because they are taught to do so. This is the nurture theory of human behavior. The increasing understanding of the human genome has made it clear that both parties of the controversy have merit. Nature gives us inborn abilities and traits and it takes these genetic propensities and molds them as we learn and develop . The nature vs environment† argument is still on, as scientists debate over how much of who we are is shaped by genes and how much by the environment. Nature The human genome has been proven to determine the different traits that we have, majorly on the physical characters like eye color, hair color, ear size, height, and other traits. However, we are not certain about whether our abstruse characteristics like intelligence, personality, preferences, sexual orientation are gene-coded in our DNA, too. Also, the behavioral genes are somehow proven to exist when you observe fraternal twins. When fraternal twins grow up in different environments, they may respond and behave to certain situations as though they were reared together. Nurture The nurture theory insists thatalthough genes and heredity may influence abstract traits, environmental factors make the major contribution to human and animal behavior. This includes the use of conditioning in order to induce a new behavior to a child, or alter an unlikely behavior being shown by the child. John Watson, one of the leaders of the Nurture campaign, once said that he can be able to train a baby randomly chosen in a group of 12 infants, to become any type of specialist he wants. He stated that he could train him to be such regardless of the child s potentialities, talents and race. Even though fraternal twins raised apart often have remarkable similarities, still the differences in environmental influences may lead to several variations in the way they behave. We are still left in our dilemma: Are we born this way, or do we act in accordance to our life experiences? The nature vs environment controversy goes on and on, and although it is a fact that we have traits that are predetermined by our genes, we can still choose who we want to be as we travel through our lifetime. THE CONTROVERSY Over time, psychologists have tried to observe the relative amount contributed by genetics or environmental factors to diverse human behaviors. The frequently asked question is whether human and animal behavior is determined by the person’s genetic inheritance or is the behavior determined by upbringing . The concern in this question resulted to what is called the Nature Nurture Controversy. Many researchers took extreme positions in this issue, while some researchers exercised on exclusive roles or genetic hereditary, others took the opposite extreme by denying biological contribution and emphasizing learning and experience . John Locke . He posits that new born children are like ‘’tabular rasa’’ or ‘’blank slate’’ which is an example of a white board or black board, and anything written on this board can only be attributed to learning and experience. According to this view, nature contributes nothing to human behavior apart from providing a life body. Although this position was later disproved, the idea had enormous effect in philosophy, politics, and psychology. The opposite side of this debate holds that humans are born with complete genetic instructions that determine their response to every situation. One of the strongest argument in support of this position was Wilhelm Von Heibnits. His main argument on position is that we are the way we are born, which he based it on the belief that genes and hereditary must contribute to human behavior, this position is invalid because there is no particular or one gene responsible for behavior. Although genes act at a molecular level in the development and maintenance of the structures that has consequences of behavior, the inheritance of behavioral traits follow a multi-factorial pattern which involves actions of many genes and interactions between heredity and environment. In modern times, researchers have demonstrated that both hereditary and environment play a role in behavior through their interactions. Human behavior is therefore a result of the complex interactions between hereditary and environmental factors. Hinduism And Forgiveness EssayImprinting provides an opportunity to learn key variable components in an environment while retaining largely innate behavioral patterns. More flexibility may be shown in the development of food preferences, as food availability can vary from habitat to habitat, or from season to season. Insects may imprint on the chemistry of the leaves they eat as caterpillars; when they become adults they then choose to lay their eggs on plants with a chemistry that matches the leaves they ate when young. This insures a suitable diet for the next generation. Young birds and mammals often learn food preferences based on food shared by adults, on observations of feeding preferences of adults, and on sampling possible food items. Another form of learning involves aversions, which can develop at any point in any animal’s life. Birds and mammals develop lifelong aversions to specific foods that contain poisons that cause sickness (such as monarch butterflies). In contrast, some preferences and aversions appear to be innate, or at least to be driven by physiological needs for certain nutrients, such as salt. Genes and Environment in Human Behavior: Sociocultural Influences. Quite often humans worry that their behavior might be completely controlled by their genetic make up, meaning that one might be involuntarily compelled into poor parenting, violent behavior, or drug addiction. Most human cultures also has strong beliefs in self-determination and free will, as well as the ability of humans to be able to differenciate the right from the wrong and to make choices about the appropriateness of their actions. Heated arguments among biologists, philosophers, and ethicists over the relative roles of genes and behavior in human behavior have brought no simple resolution. The and will continue to fuel controversy, even as more is discovered about the genetic and evolutionary bases of behavior. TWIN STUDIES AND ADOPTION STUDIES One way to determine the contribution of genes and environment to a trait is to study twins. In one kind of study, identical twins reared apart are compared to randomly selected pairs of people. The twins share identical genes, but different family environments. In another kind of twin study, identical twins reared together (who share family environment and genes) are compared to fraternal twins reared together (who also share family environment but only share half their genes). Another condition that permits the disassociation of genes and environment is adoption. In one kind of adoption study, biological siblings reared together (who share the same family environment and half their genes) are compared to adoptive siblings (who share their family environment but none of their genes). The nature side of this debate emphasizes how much of an organism reflected are s biological factors. But, on the other hand genes are activated at appropriate times during development an the basis for protein production. Proteins include a wide range of molecules, such as hormones and enzymes that act in the body as signaling and structural molecules to direct development. CONCLUSION Although they may seem alternate and antagonistic in constitution, nature and nuture,work hand in hand in defining human and animal behavior. Many aspects of human behavior, which can not be explained by genetic and behavioural analysis of parents can be explained by evaluating the influences of the individuals social and physical environment. REFFERENCES The Dependent Gene, The fallacy of â€Å"Nature vs Nurture†-Sir Francis Golton-Google Baeken. Retrieved 2013 -12-23. Dusheck, Jennie:, The Interpretation Of Genes.Natural History, October 2002. Ridley,M: Nature via Nuture. Genes, Experience and What makes us Human . Edge, org.: Nature Versus Nurture , accesed,0125 2014. Planin,R, Fulker ,: DW ,Corely ,R , De Fries J.C (1997) .Nature Nurture and Cognitive Develpement from 1 to 16 years .A Parent Offspring Adoption Study Psychological Science Moore, D.S.(2003)The dependent gene. The Fallacy of nature vs. nurture .New York, NY :

ATHALIAH Essay Example For Students

ATHALIAH Essay A monologue from the play by Jean Racine NOTE: This monologue is reprinted from The Dramatic Works of Jean Racine. Trans. Robert Bruce Boswell. London: George Bell and Sons, 1911. ATHALIAH: While thus disturbd, before me roseThe vision of a boy in shining robe,Such as the Hebrew priests are wont to wear.My drooping spirits at his sight revived:But while my troubled eyes, to peace restored,Admired his noble air and modest grace,I felt the sudden stroke of murderous steelPlunged deeply by the traitor in my breast.Perhaps to you this dream, so strangely mixd,May seem a work of chance, and I myself,For long ashamed to let my fears prevail,Referrd it to a melancholy mood;But while its memory lingerd in my soul,Twice in my sleep I saw that form again,Twice the same child before my eyes appeard,Always about to stab me to the heart.Worn out at last by horrors close pursuit,I went to claim Baals protecting care,And, kneeling at his altars, find repose.How strangely fear may sway our mortal minds!And instinct seemd to drive me to those courts,To pacify the god whom Jews adore;I thought that offerings might appease his wrath,That this their god might grow more merciful.B aals High Priest, my feebleness forgive!I enterd; and the sacrifice was stayd,The people fled, Jehoiada in wrathAdvanced to meet me. As he spake, I sawWith terror and surprise that self-same boyWho haunts me in my dreams. I saw him there;His mien the same, the same his linen stole,His gait, his eyes, each feature of his face;It was himself; beside th High Priest he walkd,Till quickly they removed him from my sight.That is the trouble which detains me here,And thereon would I fain consult you both.What means this omen marvellous?

Battle of Coochs Bridge in the American Revolution

Battle of Cooch's Bridge in the American Revolution Battle of Coochs Bridge - Conflict Date: The Battle of Coochs Bridge was fought September 3, 1777, during the American Revolution (1775-1783). Battle of Coochs Bridge - Armies Commanders: Americans General George WashingtonBrigadier General William Maxwell450 men British General Sir William HoweLieutenant General Lord Charles CornwallisLieutenant Colonel Ludwig von Wurmb293 men Battle of Coochs Bridge - Background: Having captured New York in 1776, British campaign plans for the following year called for Major General John Burgoynes army to advance south from Canada with the goal of capturing the Hudson Valley and severing New England from the rest of the American colonies.   In commencing his operations, Burgoyne hoped that General Sir William Howe, the overall British commander in North America, would march north from New York City to support the campaign.   Uninterested in advancing up the Hudson, Howe instead set his sights on taking the American capital at Philadelphia.   To do so, he planned to embark the bulk of his army and sail south. Working with his brother, Admiral Richard Howe, Howe initially hoped to ascend the Delaware River and land below Philadelphia.   An assessment of the river forts in the Delaware deterred the Howes from this line of approach and they instead decided to sail further south before moving up the Chesapeake Bay.   Putting to sea in late July, the British were hampered by poor weather.   Though aware of Howes departure from New York, the American commander, General George Washington, remained in the dark regarding the enemys intentions.   Receiving sighting reports from along the coast, he increasingly determined that the target was Philadelphia.   As a result, he began moving his army south in late August.   Battle of Coochs Bridge - Coming Ashore: Moving up the Chesapeake Bay, Howe started landing his army at Head of Elk on August 25.   Moving inland, the British began concentrating their forces before beginning the march northeast toward Philadelphia.   Having encamped at Wilmington, DE, Washington, along with Major General Nathanael Greene and the Marquis de Lafayette, rode southwest on August 26 and reconnoitered the British from atop Iron Hill.   Assessing the situation, Lafayette recommended employing a force of light infantry to disrupt the British advance and give Washington time to choose suitable ground for blocking Howes army.   This duty normally would have fallen to Colonel Daniel Morgans riflemen, but this force had been sent north to reinforce Major General Horatio Gates who was opposing Burgoyne.   As a result, a new command of 1,100 handpicked men was quickly assembled under the leadership of Brigadier General William Maxwell. Battle of Coochs Bridge - Moving to Contact: On the morning of September 2, Howe directed Hessian General Wilhelm von Knyphausen to depart Cecil County Court House with the right wing of the army and move east toward Aikens Tavern.   This march was slowed by poor roads and foul weather.   The next day, Lieutenant General Lord Charles Cornwallis was ordered to break camp at Head of Elk and join Knyphausen at the tavern.   Advancing east over different roads, Howe and Cornwallis reached Aikens Tavern ahead of the delayed Hessian general and elected to turn north without waiting for the planned rendezvous.   To the north, Maxwell had positioned his force south of Coochs Bridge which spanned the Christina River as well as sent a light infantry company south to set an ambush along the road. Battle of Coochs Bridge - A Sharp Fight: Riding north, Cornwallis advance guard, which was comprised of a company of Hessian dragoons led by Captain Johann Ewald, fell into Maxwells trap.   Springing the ambush, the American light infantry broke up the Hessian column and Ewald retreated to obtain aid from Hessian and Ansbach jgers in Cornwallis command.   Advancing,  jgers led by Lieutenant Colonel Ludwig von Wurmb engaged the Maxwells men in a running fight north.   Deploying in a line with artillery support, Wurmbs men attempted to pin the Americans in place with bayonet charge in the center while sending a force to turn Maxwells flank.   Recognizing the danger, Maxwell continued to slowly retreat north towards the bridge (Map). Reaching Coochs Bridge, the Americans formed to make a stand on the east bank of the river.   Increasingly pressed by Wurmbs men, Maxwell retreated across the span to a new position on the west bank.   Breaking off the fight, the  jgers occupied nearby Iron Hill.   In an effort to take the bridge, a battalion of British light infantry crossed the river downstream and began moving north.   This effort was badly slowed by swampy terrain.   When this force finally arrived, it, along with the threat posed by Wurmbs command, compelled Maxwell to depart the field and retreat back to Washingtons camp outside Wilmington, DE. Battle of Coochs Bridge - Aftermath: Casualties for the Battle of Coochs Bridge are not known with certainty but are estimated at 20 killed and 20 wounded for Maxwell and 3-30 killed and 20-30 wounded for Cornwallis.   As Maxwell moved north, Howes army continued to be harassed by American militia forces.   That evening, Delaware militia, led by Caesar Rodney, struck the British near Aikens Tavern in a hit-and-run attack.   Over the next week, Washington marched north with the intention of blocking Howes advance near Chadds Ford, PA.   Taking a position behind the Brandywine River, he was defeated at the Battle of Brandywine on September 11.   In the days after the battle, Howe succeeded in occupying Philadelphia.   An American counterattack on October 4 was turned back at the Battle of Germantown.   The campaign season ended later that fall with Washingtons army going into winter quarters at Valley Forge.            Selected Sources DAR: Battle of Coochs BridgePHAA: Battle of Coochs BridgeHMDB: Battle of Coochs Bridge

The eNotes Blog 2013 National Book AwardWinners

2013 National Book AwardWinners Is your Kindle finger itching? Do you have a yearning to go to the bookstore or library but dont know what sounds good? Well, maybe this will help.   Last night, this years National Book Awards were announced. Here is the complete list of winners and finalists. James McBride took the fiction prize for his novel The Good Lord Bird (Riverhead Books/Penguin Group USA): Abolitionist John Brown calls her â€Å"Little Onion,† but her real name is Henry. A slave in Kansas mistaken for a girl due to the sackcloth smock he was wearing when Brown shot his master, the light-skinned, curly-haired 12-year-old ends up living as a young woman, most often encamped with Brown’s renegade band of freedom warriors as they traverse the country, raising arms and ammunition for their battle against slavery. Though they travel to Rochester, New York, to meet with Frederick Douglass and Canada to enlist the help of Harriet Tubman, Brown and his ragtag army fail to muster sufficient support for their mission to liberate African Americans, heading inexorably to the infamously bloody and pathetic raid on Harpers Ferry.   Starred Review, Booklist   Carol Haggas Finalists for the prize included: Rachel Kushner, The Flamethrowers (Scribner/Simon Schuster) Jhumpa Lahiri, The Lowland (Alfred A. Knopf/Random House) Thomas Pynchon, Bleeding Edge (The Penguin Press/Penguin Group USA) George Saunders, Tenth of December (Random House) The winner for non-fiction is George Packer for The Unwinding: An Inner History of the New America (Farrar, Straus and Giroux) How have we come to feel that neither the government nor the private sector works as it should and that the shrinking middle class has few prospects of recovering its former glory? Through profiles of several Americans, from a factory worker to an Internet billionaire, Packer, staff writer for the New Yorker, offers a broad and compelling perspective on a nation in crisis. Packer focuses on the lives of a North Carolina evangelist, son of a tobacco farmer, pondering the new economy of the rural South; a Youngstown, Ohio, factory worker struggling to survive the decline of the manufacturing sector; a Washington lobbyist confronting the distance between his ideals and the realities of the nation’s capital; and a Silicon Valley entrepreneur pondering the role of e-commerce in a radically changing economy. Interspersed throughout are profiles of leading economic, political, and cultural figures, including Newt Gingrich, Colin Powell, Raymond Carver, Sam Walton, and Jay-Z. Also spr inkled throughout are alarming headlines, news bites, song lyrics, and slogans that capture the unsettling feeling that the nation and its people are adrift. Packer offers an illuminating, in-depth, sometimes frightening view of the complexities of decline and the enduring hope for recovery.   Starred Review, Booklist Vanessa Bush Finalists in the Non-Fiction Category were: Jill Lepore, Book of Ages: The Life and Opinions of Jane Franklin (Alfred A. Knopf/Random House) Wendy Lower, Hitler’s Furies: German Women in the Nazi Killing Fields (Houghton Mifflin Harcourt) Alan Taylor, The Internal Enemy: Slavery and War in Virginia, 1772-1832 (W.W. Norton Company) Lawrence Wright, Going Clear: Scientology, Hollywood, the Prison of Belief (Alfred A. Knopf/Random House) Mary Szybist took the Poetry Prize for her collection,   Incarnadine: Poems (Graywolf Press) Love poetry and poetry of religious faith blend and blur into one transcendent, humbled substance. . . . Whether or not readers are attuned to the religious content, these are gorgeous lyrics, in traditional and invented formsone poem is a diagrammed sentence while another radiates from an empty space at the center of the pagewhich create close encounters with not-quite-paraphrasable truths. This is essential poetry.  - Publishers Weekly Poetry finalists included: Frank Bidart, Metaphysical Dog (Farrar, Straus and Giroux) Lucie Brock-Broido, Stay, Illusion (Alfred A. Knopf) Adrian Matejka, The Big Smoke (Penguin Poets/Penguin Group USA) Matt Rasmussen, Black Aperture (Louisiana State University Press) The winner for young peoples literature is Cynthia Kadohata for The Thing About Luck (Atheneum Books for Young Readers/Simon Schuster) It seems that if Summer’s Japanese American family didn’t have bad luck, they’d have no luck at all. Certainly good luck (kouun) is elusive. Consider that Summer has had malaria; her little brother, Jaz, is friendless; her parents have to fly to Japan to take care of elderly relatives; and her grandmother (Obaa-chan) and grandfather (Jii-chan) must pay the mortgage by coming out of retirement to work for a custom harvesting company. When the siblings accompany their grandparents on the harvest, Summer helps her grandmother, a cook, while Jaz is Jaz: intense, focused, and bad-tempered. At first, things go reasonably well, but then Jii-chan becomes sick, and it appears that it might be up to Summer to save the day. Will she succeed? Kadohata has written a gentle family story that is unusual in its focus on the mechanics of wheat harvesting.   (Grades 4-8) Starred Review,   Booklist Michael Cart Finalist for the young peoples literature award included: Kathi Appelt, The True Blue Scouts of Sugar Man Swamp   (Atheneum Books for Young Readers/Simon Schuster) Tom McNeal, Far Far Away (Alfred A. Knopf/Random House) Meg Rosoff, Picture Me Gone (G.P. Putnam’s Sons, a division of Penguin Group USA) Gene Luen Yang, Boxers Saints (First Second/Macmillan)